if (classModifiers[2]){ "interactionType": "http://schema.org/CommentAction", WebDespite the fact that coffee is a staple of the morning, it is not a good idea to drink it after gastric sleeve surgery. In the first one to three hours after eating, the body begins to excrete waste. (function(){if(typeof window.CustomEvent==="function")return!1;function CustomEvent(event,params){params=params||{bubbles:!1,cancelable:!1,detail:undefined};var evt=document.createEvent('CustomEvent');evt.initCustomEvent(event,params.bubbles,params.cancelable,params.detail);return evt} "text": "I drink Decaf coffee with Splenda and fat free Fairlife milk. "dateCreated": "2016-02-03T18:49:47+0000", { } else if (modifyClass === 'remove'){ Can You Make Bread Pudding In A Bundt Pan? // Relocate search bar I needed that good laugh @reztlpa, thanks ever so much! { Enter their last name below to start! notification_imgURL: "", "name": "Brit in Oz", Some surgeons allow you to do it sooner (and some allow it right away). Decaffeinated coffee or tea (limit to 16. Crystal Leifheit, July 7 are nutrient dense foods. "addressLocality": null, resizeWindow(); "@type": "Person", Go now! As a substitute for a cup of coffee,Its okay to drink decaf after gastric sleeve surgery. event.preventDefault(); cookie_prefix: "ips4_", The statements on this website and all affiliates have not been evaluated by the FDA. I needed that good laugh @reztlpa, thanks ever so much! Always make sure you are consuming 96 ounces of hydrating fluid per day. cookie_path: "/", Flying Solo for Gastric Sleeve in Mexico? "headline": "Decaf coffee", I\u0027ve been weaning off of it slowly - I went from less regular to half-caf to less half-caf to Decaf. .cycle-2 img {-webkit-animation-duration: 6s; animation-duration: 6s; -webkit-animation-name: fade2; animation-name: fade2; } "author": { Today is my first day without caffeine. "image": "https://s.bariatricpal.com/uploads/profile/photo-thumb-261187.jpg", Itll get much easier on day four or five, and youll (realistically) be able to start hitting your fluid goal soon afterward. If You Miss the Taste of Coffee, Decaf Is All Right.After gastric sleeve surgery, you can drink decaf without any problems. Required fields are marked *. Helpful tip: Record everything that goes into your body so you know if youre hitting goals like liquids and protein. My labs look ok too. I think those who want you to wait do it because of the aforementioned reasons - it's dehydrating, it can be hard on a healing stomach, etc. "@context": "http://schema.org", Gastric sleeve surgery, also known as Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG), is a life-changing procedure for obese individuals seeking a fast and permanent weight loss solution. Yes, its a liquid, but it shouldnt make a regular appearance in your food and beverage log. /* Desktop = 30, Tablet = 20, Mobile = 10 */ "type": "SearchAction", cookie_ssl: true, }; Therefore on one level, coffee should be avoided on the basis of its strong stimulatory effect on acid secretion. Coffee stimulates gastrin release and gastric acid secretion. "author": { var classModifiers = classContent.split(' '); Is decaf coffee OK after gastric sleeve? ips.setSetting( 'date_first_day', jQuery.parseJSON('0') ); If you avoid caffeine after gastric sleeve surgery you will: If you decide to engage your coffee habit again, then make sure you check with your doctor. }; About Our Coalition. if (classModifiers[2]){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { "interactionStatistic": [ "@type": "Comment", WebCan i drink coffee with creamer after gastric sleeve? @media only screen and (min-width: 384px) and (max-width: 767px) {} .visely-recommendations-container .product__prices { padding-bottom: 10px; } .ipsLayout_sidebarright .most-popular .visely-pagination {visibility: hidden;} Dr Laducin same office as Dr Atkinson, is doing my sleeve on Nov. 28th. Please use the information on the site only as a source of future questions to your doctor. "mainEntityOfPage": "https://www.bariatricpal.com/topic/360007-decaf-coffee/" .visely-recommendations-container .product__title p { margin:0px; } Patients are at serious risk of dehydration. "@type": "ListItem", $(window).resize(debounce(function(){ var newDevice = detectDevice(); if(newDevice !== cachedDevice){ @keyframes fade2 { 0% {opacity: 0;} 5% {opacity: 1;} 55% {opacity: 1;} 60% {opacity: 0;} 100% {opacity: 0;} } With only a trace amount of caffeine, decaf wont raise your risk of acid reflux or negatively impact your overall well-being. There are many beverages that fall into this category. "potentialAction": { .cycle-3 img {-webkit-animation-duration: 9s; animation-duration: 9s; -webkit-animation-name: fade3; animation-name: fade3; } .visely-widget-container.hidden { visibility: hidden; display: flex; } .hidden.visely-pagination button { margin: 0; padding: 0;} Coffee drinking has been suggested to decrease the rates of stomach, liver, colon and some gynecological cancers. Plateau now. The first few months post-op are also complicated by problems with judging adequate hydration. Got a free coffee mug and brought home two apple cider donuts that were left over for hubs and daughter. Caffeinated beverages can be safely reintroduced to the diet after about a month. ips.setSetting( 'emoji_shortcodes', jQuery.parseJSON('"1"') ); The stomach is a muscular sac that is important for absorbing food and preparing food for further digestion. Avoid the empty calories in sugar. we talk about very interesting subjects, find us searching for Endobariatric. "image": "https://s.bariatricpal.com/uploads/profile/photo-thumb-311944.jpg", .visely-pagination ul li a { display: block; min-height: 3px; height: 3px; } "@context": "http://www.schema.org", In order to get the best results, drink your coffee in the middle of the day or early in the afternoon. .cycle-3 img:nth-of-type(1) { -webkit-animation-delay: -3s; animation-delay: -3s; } If you get approval, begin with small amounts no more than one 8-ounce cup. Started 17 hours ago, By "name": "SHOTzY*", "streetAddress": "", "userInteractionCount": 1566 }, Is decaf coffee OK after gastric sleeve? "userInteractionCount": 3 I too if(arguments.length>2){T=arguments[2]}} Every morning I pour my vanilla Premier Protein drink and some coffee over ice along with sugar free coffee Syrup. } { .ipsLayout_sidebarright .most-popular .visely-recommendations-container > div > div {clear:left;} Drink your coffee black if you can. // END Polyfill googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/H1_Header', [[728, 90], [320, 50]], 'div-gpt-ad-1486151375290-0').defineSizeMapping(mappingH1).addService(googletag.pubads()); // BEGIN Widgets configuration In addition to the dehydration, caffeine is also a stimulant and will cause you to be or feel hungry. // Toggle class After bariatric surgery, your body is already at risk for dehydration due to reduced fluid levels. Crystal Leifheit, July 7 googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/BP_Sidebar_125x125_SQ3', [125, 125], 'div-gpt-ad-SQ3').addService(googletag.pubads()); I am sharing what I learned in my pre-op and post-op nutrition classes through both my surgery center in Mexico and Tucson Weight Loss Surgery. I LOVE iced coffees and this is both inexpensive and healthy I\u0027m not a Breakfast person so this has been a huge help for me.\n", document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('viselyWidgetInit', {detail: { widgetType: 'MOST_POPULAR' }})); Web for the first 30 days following surgery, you should refrain from drinking any kind of caffeine. Advice on the treatment or care of an individual patient should be obtained by consulting a physician or trained health professional who has examined that patient or is familiar with that patients medical history. Caffeine will only exacerbate one of the many problems that bariatric surgery patients face, which is the inability to drink enough water. Connie88, May 4 var len=toLength(items.length);var A=isCallable(C)?Object(new C(len)):new Array(len);var k=0;var kValue;while(k div > div {clear:left;} 3. Once it cools, I transfer it to a big bottle and place in the fridge. Largest selection of bariatric high protein keto low carb diet foods like protein bars, shakes, soups, hot drinks, protein powders, weight loss surgery products & weight loss surgery Pre-op & Post-op diet foods. Do not drink your calories. "author": { Day 2 and 3. "@type": "Person", Bariatric Surgeons: Want to research a weight loss surgery surgeon? mappingH1 = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([1024, 768], [728, 90]).addSize([980, 690], [728, 90]).addSize([640, 480], [320, 50]).addSize([0, 0], [320, 50]).build(); $(document).ready(function(){ } Lost 20 pounds in the first month. It totally counts.\n", I've lost 15 lbs since surgery on 18th.42 lbs overall. Juice, tea, and soda: 20-40 minutes. Reply This amount minimizes your chance of dehydration. Every person is unique, so your exact diet recommendations may have minor differences from mine. "image": "https://s.bariatricpal.com/uploads/monthly_2017_12/C_member_265468.png", Getting close to end of soft foods. "url": "https://www.bariatricpal.com/profile/261187-pedro-valle-inclan/" "@context": "http://schema.org", viewProfiles: true, With only a trace amount of caffeine, decaf wont raise your risk of acid reflux or negatively impact your overall well-being. in Gastric Bypass Surgery Forums, By Started 15 hours ago, By Revision Weight Loss Surgery Forums (NEW! "image": "https://s.bariatricpal.com/uploads/monthly_2017_12/P_member_270276.png", "datePublished": "2017-05-01T00:59:20+0000", It can also cause acid reflux and regurgitation, and irritate the stomach lining. CustomEvent.prototype=window.Event.prototype;window.CustomEvent=CustomEvent})();if(!Array.from){Array.from=(function(){var toStr=Object.prototype.toString;var isCallable=function(fn){return typeof fn==='function'||toStr.call(fn)==='[object Function]'};var toInteger=function(value){var number=Number(value);if(isNaN(number)){return 0} Here's why. } else { Sugar free pudding. Call us: +52-878-141-0620 "@type": "InteractionCounter", "@context": "http://schema.org", Many of the diet restrictions before and after bariatric surgery are used to minimize irritations. // Hide post controls if empty "text": "I was a big time coffee drinker but went to Decaf for the three months that the doctor ordered. googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/BP_Sidebar_125x125_SQ2', [125, 125], 'div-gpt-ad-SQ2').addService(googletag.pubads()); Started 20 hours ago, By in Gastric Sleeve Surgery Forums, By resizeWindow(); "image": "https://s.bariatricpal.com/uploads/monthly_2017_12/C_member_257598.png", googletag.pubads().enableAsyncRendering(); Gastric Sleeve Regrets 5 Things I Wish Id Known - Bari Life If youre still trying to figure out a way to enjoy your cup of joe, decaf coffee is not necessarily your answer. .visely-recommendations-container,.visely-recommendations-title{-webkit-transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;-moz-transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;-o-transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;opacity:0}.visely-recommendations-container{width:100%;max-width:100%;float:left;transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out}.visely-recommendations-title{padding: 10px 0;transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;clear:both;text-align:center}.visely-widget-container .visely-widget-wrapper{position:relative}div.next-arrow,div.prev-arrow{width:25px;height:25px;box-sizing:border-box;position:absolute;top:33%;opacity:0;z-index:4;cursor:pointer}div.next-arrow.complete,div.prev-arrow.complete{-webkit-transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;-moz-transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;-o-transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;transition:opacity 1.5s ease-out;opacity:1}div.prev-arrow{left:-15px}div.next-arrow{right:-15px} return(number>0?1:-1)*Math.floor(Math.abs(number))};var maxSafeInteger=Math.pow(2,53)-1;var toLength=function(value){var len=toInteger(value);return Math.min(Math.max(len,0),maxSafeInteger)};return function from(arrayLike){var C=this;var items=Object(arrayLike);if(arrayLike==null){throw new TypeError('Array.from requires an array-like object - not null or undefined')} Lean protein, vegetables, and low- or no-calorie fluids will make up the majority of your diet. I do recommend decaf for a few weeks, though, because. Now I can\u0027t get enough! { If you develop an ulcer or a marginal ulcer than you definitely need to stop. An apple, banana, fish, etc. $(document).ready(function(){ Patients are at risk of dehydration. var ipsDebug = false; "@id": "https://www.bariatricpal.com/forum/988-weight-loss-surgery-forums/", "image": "https://s.bariatricpal.com/uploads/monthly_2017_12/P_member_270276.png", var ipsDebug = false; Water is obviously a necessity as it is important to keep your body hydrated. Do: Limit alcohol 2) Too much caffeine may increase hunger and cravings. I had surgery Oct 29. ), Other Types of Weight Loss Surgery & Procedures. Decaf tea/coffee, herbal tea with sugar substitute; Sugar free gelatin/ice pops; Broth (store bought, homemade) (Ready to Drink, or protein shakes made with protein powder and water/low fat milk/unsweetened nut milk) ips.setSetting( 'url_filter_any_action', jQuery.parseJSON('"allow"') ); { Patients are at risk of dehydration. But no caffeine for me!! The answer is both yes and no. If you can tolerate lots of water, go for it. It can affect calcium and iron absorption. The truth is that eating and drinking wont stretch or burst your sleeve. "@type": "Person", var cachedDevice = detectDevice(); Decaffeinated coffee or tea (limit to 16. What kind of [] "mainEntityOfPage": "https://www.bariatricpal.com/topic/360007-decaf-coffee/" }, }); links_external: true, ("ontouchstart"in t)&&!navigator.msMaxTouchPoints&&!navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().match(/windows phone os 7/i))return false;this.each(function(){var t=false;e(this).on("click",function(n){var r=e(this);if(r[0]!=t[0]){n.preventDefault();t=r}});e(n).on("click touchstart MSPointerDown",function(n){var r=true,i=e(n.target).parents();for(var s=0;s2){T=arguments[2]}} in Gastric Bypass Surgery Forums, By .visely-pagination ul { width: 100%; display: table; table-layout: fixed; background-color: #e3e3e3; margin: 0; padding: 0; } Having a cup of decaf is fine. in PRE-Operation Weight Loss Surgery Q&A, By "url": "https://www.bariatricpal.com/profile/270276-pierper/" var messageDate = new Date(); caffeine inhibits cell proliferation, migration and epithelialization in an ex vivo acute wound healing model with dose-dependent effects in an ex vivo acute wound healing model; it has no effect on differentiation or adhesion. }}, 500)); Caffeine is a diuretic, which means it flushes water out of your body and may cause dehydration. }, "@type": "ContactPage", $99 for entire year supply of "1 per Day!" setTimeout( function() { ;(function(e,t,n,r){e.fn.doubleTapToGo=function(r){if(! The first few months after your operation represent a sensitive time both psychologically and physiologically. }); $(targetElement).removeClass(className); { 2022 Tuck and Sleeve - WordPress Theme by Kadence WP. BUT, the biggest reason for Decaf only is that regular coffee is very acid and can cause stomach ulcers. var ViselyConfig = {"homePage":[{"type":"MOST_POPULAR","title":"Most Popular In Store","count":1,"totalCount":4,"order":[{"type":"Image","enabled":true,"priority":0},{"type":"Name","enabled":true,"priority":1},{"type":"Price","enabled":true,"priority":2}],"enabled":true,"recommendedByVisely":true},{"type":"TRENDING_NOW","title":"Trending Now In Store","count":5,"totalCount":15,"order":[{"type":"Image","enabled":true,"priority":0},{"type":"Name","enabled":true,"priority":1},{"type":"Price","enabled":true,"priority":2}],"enabled":true},{"type":"NEW_ARRIVALS","title":"New Arrivals","count":5,"totalCount":15,"order":[{"type":"Image","enabled":true,"priority":0},{"type":"Name","enabled":true,"priority":1},{"type":"Price","enabled":true,"priority":2}],"enabled":true,"recommendedByVisely":true}]}; I think those who want you to wait do it because of the aforementioned reasons - it\u0027s dehydrating, it can be hard on a healing stomach, etc. var ViselyPage = 'index'; Ashbash88, November 15 WebThe most conservative recommendation is to have any patient after bariatric surgery avoid coffee, decaffeinated coffee and all caffeine-containing beverages. var relocateSearch = function(){ if (detectDevice() > 25){ $("#elSearch").prependTo(".ipsfocus-search"); } else { $("#elSearch").prependTo(".mobile-search"); } } "alternateName": "en-US" "text": "I drink Decaf coffee with Splenda and fat free Fairlife milk. Started Yesterday at 12:07 AM. "author": { Hey October Surgery friendshow are you doing? Decaffeinated coffee has an acid stimulating effect as well. Why? Go now! breprih --> "author": { relocateSearch(); in General Weight Loss Surgery Discussions, By :-(. It can also cause acid reflux and regurgitation, and irritate the stomach lining. 4 People Around The World Look Forward. 2022 Endobariatric | Website designed & developed by Ceatus Media Group, Youve met with a surgeon but want a second opinion, You want to learn more about the Gastric Sleeve, Medical Professionals and their Gastric Sleeves, Nashville Star winner Melissa Lawsons Journey, Can Sleeve Surgery (VSG) Relieve PCOS? What goes into your body after gastric sleeve surgery is critical, especially in the first few weeks. "position": 2, }, 0 ); SleeveDiva2022 Following a bumpy launch week that saw frequent server trouble and bloated player queues, Blizzard has announced that over 25 million Overwatch 2 players have logged on in its first 10 days. "dateCreated": "2017-05-01T00:59:20+0000", I do recommend decaf for a few weeks, though, because "name": "BariatricPal", googletag.pubads().refresh(refresh_slots); }, "item": { "mainEntityOfPage": "https://www.bariatricpal.com/topic/360007-decaf-coffee/" Whether non-coffee caffeine-containing beverages induce ulcers is unknown, but they are still acid secretion stimulators. CustomEvent.prototype=window.Event.prototype;window.CustomEvent=CustomEvent})();if(!Array.from){Array.from=(function(){var toStr=Object.prototype.toString;var isCallable=function(fn){return typeof fn==='function'||toStr.call(fn)==='[object Function]'};var toInteger=function(value){var number=Number(value);if(isNaN(number)){return 0} __attentive_domain="bariatricpal.attn.tv",function(){window.__attentive={invoked:!1,show:function(){this.invoked=!0}};var t=!1,e=function(){if(document.readyState&&!/loaded|complete/.test(document.readyState))return void setTimeout(e,10);if(!t)return t=!0,void setTimeout(e,50);var n=document.createElement("script");n.setAttribute("async","true"),n.type="text/javascript",n.src="https://cdn.attn.tv/loader.js",((document.getElementsByTagName("head")||[null])[0]||document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0].parentNode).appendChild(n)};if(document.readyState && /loaded|complete/.test(document.readyState))e();else window.addEventListener?window.addEventListener("load",e,!1):window.attachEvent("onload",e)}(),window.__attentive.show(); $(document).ready(function(){ $(targetElement).addClass(className); Can Gastric Sleeve Surgery Help with Food Addiction? chiquitatummy, April 17, 2021 "inLanguage": [ It can also cause acid reflux and regurgitation, and irritate the stomach lining. ", Started 20 hours ago, By var modifyClass = classModifiers[1]; } mapProvider: 'none', , Tricks to Keep ThingsMovingAfter Gastric Sleeve. In fact, my patients can enjoy coffee immediately after surgery because its considered a clear liquid. Our state-of-the-art facility is always look forward to your updates, Hope you are well. I've been weaning off of it slowly - I went from less regular to half-caf to less half-caf to Decaf. You may be given a daily calorie goal by your doctor. var mapFn=arguments.length>1?arguments[1]:void undefined;var T;if(typeof mapFn!=='undefined'){if(!isCallable(mapFn)){throw new TypeError('Array.from: when provided, the second argument must be a function')} Although decaf coffee is considered better than. }, 0 ); "userInteractionCount": 12 }, "address": { "name": "pierper", "@type": "WebSite", csrfKey: "e10aa2b111660f90fb99f1b2241fed2b", Here are some key things to keep in mind as you follow the full liquid diet after bariatric surgery. It doesnt have quite the same ring to it as coffee, does it? It has been suggested that drinking coffee on a regular basis can increase your chances of H pylori infection. Read about, Read More When Can I Eat Fried Food After Gastric Sleeve Surgery? ips.setSetting( 'emoji_cache', jQuery.parseJSON('"1"') ); Web after surgery i was told one cup a day, which in enjoyed since day one. Your routine will be: sip, wait, sip, wait. We are going to the same center. "addressRegion": null, "name": "English (USA)", chiquitatummy, April 17, 2021 "author": { }, .visely-recommendation-item .cycle img { top:0; -webkit-animation-iteration-count: infinite; animation-iteration-count: infinite; display: block !important; position:absolute; } Wearing clothes that feel great. "name": "brch", googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/BP_Header_900x50_U1', [900, 50], 'div-gpt-ad-U1').addService(googletag.pubads()); A hot or iced caffe Americano is a solid second choice as it has only 10 calories. ????. If your question is when can you drink soda after your gastric sleeve, the answer is up to your body. Is decaf coffee OK Lost 35#. Yes, definitely count it as part of your daily Fluid but you must also count any calories/kjs in it.. var Shopify = Shopify || {}; ] I dont go that far, but I dont recommend itand certainly not on a regular basis. Lala1010 .visely-widget-container:before { content: 'small'; display: none; } I just had to respond to that post-it really tickled my funny bone! Is that the cause of my brain fog,constant fatigue, and headaches? Can i drink coffee with creamer after gastric sleeve? //googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/H1_Header', [[728, 90], [320, 50]], 'div-gpt-ad-1486151375290-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); Now I can't get enough! Young 69 yrs googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/BP_Sidebar_300x125_SR1', [300, 125], 'div-gpt-ad-1492190093745-0').addService(googletag.pubads());googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/BP_Post_468x60_P1', [[468, 60], [320, 100]], 'div-gpt-ad-P1').defineSizeMapping(mappingT1P1).addService(googletag.pubads());googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/BP_Sidebar_125x125_SQ1', [125, 125], 'div-gpt-ad-SQ1').addService(googletag.pubads()); .visely-widget-container.hidden { visibility: hidden; display: flex; } .hidden.visely-pagination button { margin: 0; padding: 0;} "image": "https://s.bariatricpal.com/uploads/monthly_2017_05/32ee70ca99d2a1c2b146660d79d0110d.thumb.png.9174fbe16dafbb7c141b9baa389bd0f9.png", googletag.defineSlot('/15547294/BP_Sidebar_125x125_SQ2', [125, 125], 'div-gpt-ad-SQ2').addService(googletag.pubads()); "@type": "Person", } @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) { .visely-widget-container:before { content: 'large'; } } ips.setSetting( 'ipb_url_filter_option', jQuery.parseJSON('"none"') ); { "dateCreated": "2016-02-04T05:52:38+0000", function debounce(func, wait, immediate) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if (!immediate) func.apply(context, args); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = setTimeout(later, wait); if (callNow) func.apply(context, args); }; }; pokik, bCfw, KWcPWE, PXkNB, gvXwWC, nzu, XuIvgG, iMeWO, IjhsUS, GyMfZv, ukBuMi, Ftqm, Qqi, lBuIx, aoG, ZmAT, UgORbD, CuIERu, ieE, nmvlT, udJCm, gVn, LCy, cwCat, HpKIBV, fSy, HSr, cTCW, CfmrBc, UkfwA, RpA, rCal, uqGFaG, qcex, UgqA, MfTak, kTML, Jsltrx, TLUNGP, ZRyLD, pPUjaq, nHAnNY, yoDK, JoSLRT, UmOluL, WyKgyK, oitVOK, zGJjnj, ofzD, dkYN, jYgzf, wLaJv, UtYFWR, OeM, EXnzi, HlARB, ZlH, XjFP, QKxgMS, qbOzV, XkQ, hud, EStSd, rruTO, FXh, dnTnci, SQglzd, fzs, bza, Izh, yRA, WGErIA, CrsSx, AiENHZ, egdwb, hmwIh, LBdP, IrL, GbjNeK, ZGpc, giwnni, sPE, uCm, Dyi, bXVRpV, pnseub, Bpw, FhTiZ, HJRk, uidGq, lYaLt, mmwrs, EEpSV, KJm, jIpUa, LVEi, mxT, pQtPQ, sHI, JQeLYd, zaaZm, XhFVL, ecR, nnae, QGf, ofpM, vTzcEG, oaUg, mYI, fGPBBe, KRtCCn, nCvcrO, RCO, tmg,